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Monster Media 1996 #15
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Monster Media Number 15 (Monster Media)(July 1996).ISO
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vocab211.zip
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DIGEST.DAT
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1994-09-18
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nutrient a molecule that provides energy or materials for growth / life
calorie unit of heat energy - amount needed to raise 1 g water 1 deg C
Calorie kilocalorie - 1000 calories
mineral inorganic material required by the body
carbohydrate energy molecules with a ratio C:H:O of 1:2:1
glucose a simple sugar with formula -- C6 H12 O6
disaccharide two simple sugars joined together covalently
polysaccharide many simple sugars joined together covalently
sucrose table sugar - a disaccharide
starch an important polysaccharide that is easily digested
cellulose an important polysaccharide that is not easily digested
lipid a kind of fat
glycerol part of a fat - one is present in a fat
fatty acid part of a fat - usually three are present in a fat
saturated fat a fat that has no double bonds
unsaturated fat a fat that does have some double bonds
amino acid the building unit of a protein
vitamin complex organic molecule - critical but used in small amounts
digestion process of breaking food down for absorbing it into the blood
mechanical dig. physically breaking apart the food - with teeth for example
chemical digest.breaking the bonds of food apart chemically
saliva mucus; water; amylase mixture
pharynx the back of the mouth at the throat area
epiglottis a falp of cartilage that forces food into the esophagus
esophagus the tube that passes from the pharynx to the stomach
peristalsis rhythmic muscular contractions that push food through system
sphincter a ring of muscle
stomach thick muscular sac just below the diaphragm
chyme a thick soup-like mixture of partly digested food leaving stomach
gastric juice acidic secretion of the gastric (stomach) glands
small intestine where most digestion and absorption occur
jejunum the second main section of the small intestine
ileum the third main section of the small intestine
duodenum the first section of the small intestine
pancreas gland that produces enzyme to break down protein/carboh/fats
liver produces bile
gall bladder stores bile
colon the longest part of the large intestine
rectum the last part of the large intestine where wastes are stored
large intestine where water is reabsorbed from the digestive system into the blood
pepsin enzyme made in stomach - breaks down proteins
villi projections of the surface of the intestine - increase surface
appendix saclike organ between small and large intestines
trypsin an enzyme that breaks down proteins
lipase an enzyme that breaks down fats
bile emulsifies fats - not an enzyme though
amylase an enyzyme that breaks down starches
emulsify break a fat down into tiny droplets
gallstone crystallized bile that blocks bile ducts